首页> 外文期刊>Journal of infection and chemotherapy: official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy >Current status of bacterial resistance in the otolaryngology field: results from the Second Nationwide Survey in Japan.
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Current status of bacterial resistance in the otolaryngology field: results from the Second Nationwide Survey in Japan.

机译:耳鼻喉科领域细菌耐药性的现状:日本第二次全国性调查的结果。

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摘要

The study reported here was a nationwide assessment of otitis media (466 patients with acute suppurative otitis media and 476 with chronic suppurative otitis media), sinusitis (447 with acute sinusitis and 426 with chronic sinusitis), acute tonsillitis (724 patients), and peritonsillar abscess (141 patients) performed between November 1998 and March 1999. Eighty university hospitals, 79 affiliated hospitals, and 103 general practitioners participated. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) comprised 15.6% of the 786 isolated strains of S. aureus. MRSA was frequently detected in patients with suppurative otitis media, but was uncommon in those with acute tonsillitis or peritonsillar abscess, and it was more common in those who had already been treated than in those who had not, with a significant difference between the groups. Vancomycin (VCM) showed the highest antimicrobial activity against MRSA and no VCM resistance was detected. Penicillin-sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae(PSSP), penicillin-intermediate-resistant S. pneumoniae (PISP), and penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) accounted for 49.6%, 28.5%, and 21.9% of the 228 isolated strains of S. pneumoniae, respectively. PISP and PRSP were frequently detected in children aged 5 years or younger. beta-Lactamase was produced by 96 of the 100 strains (96%) of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis. The 281 strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated consisted of 199 beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-sensitive (BLNASe) strains (70.8%), 65 beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) strains (23.1%), and 17 beta-lactamase-producing strains (6.0%). BLNAR strains were frequently detected in pretreated patients. Of these 281 strains of H. influenzae, 214 had nontypable capsules. In conclusion, the major bacterial species showed resistance to beta-lactams, indicating that care should be taken when selecting an appropriate antimicrobial agent.
机译:此处的研究报告是对中耳炎(466例急性化脓性中耳炎和476例慢性化脓性中耳炎),鼻窦炎(447例急性鼻窦炎和426例慢性鼻窦炎),急性扁桃体炎(724例)和扁桃体周围进行评估1998年11月至1999年3月进行脓肿手术(141例)。有80所大学医院,79所附属医院和103位全科医生参加。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)占786株分离的金黄色葡萄球菌的15.6%。化脓性中耳炎患者经常检测到MRSA,但在急性扁桃体炎或扁桃体周围脓肿患者中不常见,而在未接受过治疗的患者中更常见,两组之间存在显着差异。万古霉素(VCM)对MRSA表现出最高的抗菌活性,未检测到VCM耐药性。青霉素敏感性肺炎链球菌(PSSP),耐青霉素中间型肺炎链球菌(PISP)和耐青霉素性肺炎链球菌(PRSP)分别占228株分离的S.菌株的49.6%,28.5%和21.9%。分别是肺炎。在5岁以下的儿童中经常检测到PISP和PRSP。 β-内酰胺酶由100株卡他莫拉菌(Branhamella)卡他菌中的96株产生(96%)。分离出的281株流感嗜血杆菌由199株阴性的β-内酰胺酶阴性,氨苄青霉素敏感(BLNASe)株(70.8%),65株阴性的β-内酰胺酶阴性的氨苄青霉素(BLNAR)株和17株β-产生内酰胺酶的菌株(6.0%)。在预处理的患者中经常检测到BLNAR菌株。在这281株流感嗜血杆菌中,有214株具有不可分型的胶囊。总之,主要细菌种类对β-内酰胺类具有抗性,表明在选择合适的抗菌剂时应格外小心。

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