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Mushmicrophysics and the reactivation of crystal-rich magma reservoirs

机译:Mushmicrophysics和富晶体岩浆储层的活化

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Reactivation and eruption of upper crustal crystal-rich magma reservoirs (“crystal mushes”) following recharge has recently been invoked in numerous volcanic systems worldwide. Over the last few years, several models have been proposed for the reactivation of such mushes prior to or during eruptions. These models vary significantly in terms of predicted timescales associated with reactivation, because they assume that different physical mechanisms control the dynamics of this process. A common limitation of all the proposed models is that they parameterize the complex nonlinear multiphase dynamics that govern the evolution of these magmas in their open system reservoirs and rely on simple empirical laws. We argue that microscale physical models are a necessity if one wants to better constrain the evolution of these complex systems and the conditions that lead to eruption. As petrological observations of erupted mushes strongly support a thermal and fluid input from wet magma recharges, we have developed a pore-scale multiphase heat and fluid transport model to understand the effect of a percolating fluid phase on the partial melting and reactivation of crystal mushes. Specifically, we use lattice Boltzmann calculations to reveal a counterintuitive feedback between volatile transport and melting in crystal-rich environments. We find that partial melting, even at a low degree, can significantly reduce the efficiency of the buoyant migration of exsolved volatiles in the mush and therefore negatively impact the heat transfer upward during reactivation. This negative feedback between melting and volatile transport is expected to significantly affect the distribution of exsolved volatiles in the reservoirs, as well as the transport of trace species carried by the volatile phase (e.g., S, metals). The presence of a disperse magmatic volatile phase (unconnected bubbles) will also affect the thermomechanical properties of the mush during reactivation, making it more compressible and thermally less conductive.
机译:最近,全球范围内的许多火山系统都调用了补给后的上地壳富含晶体的岩浆储层(“水晶沼泽”)的活化和喷发。在过去的几年中,已经提出了几种在喷发之前或喷发期间重新激活这些麝香的模型。这些模型在与重新激活相关的预计时间尺度方面有很大不同,因为它们假定不同的物理机制控制着此过程的动态。所有提出的模型的共同局限性在于,它们对复杂的非线性多相动力学进行参数化,这些动力学控制着这些岩浆在其开放系统储层中的演化,并依赖于简单的经验定律。我们认为,如果要更好地限制这些复杂系统的演化以及导致喷发的条件,那么微观物理模型是必要的。由于火山喷发的岩石学观测结果强烈支持湿岩浆补给产生的热量和流体输入,因此,我们开发了一种孔隙尺度的多相传热和流体传输模型,以了解渗流流体相对结晶麝香的部分融化和活化的影响。具体而言,我们使用晶格玻尔兹曼计算来揭示在富含晶体的环境中,挥发物传输与熔化之间的反直觉反馈。我们发现,即使是低程度的部分熔化,也会显着降低糊状物中溶解的挥发物的浮力迁移效率,因此对活化过程中的向上传热产生负面影响。熔化和挥发物传输之间的这种负反馈预计将显着影响储层中已溶解挥发物的分布,以及挥发相所携带的痕量物质(例如,S,金属)的传输。分散的岩浆挥发相(未连通的气泡)的存在也将影响再活化过程中糊状物的热机械性能,使其更具可压缩性和导热性。

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