2013 Practice guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society ofHypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC): ESH/ESCTask Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension

摘要

Elevated blood pressure is a serious health problem in the United States and is one of the most important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease, which leads to increased risk of death from stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular complications [1]. According to a study published in 2011, approximately 30% of adults in the United States suffer from hypertension, and 60% of the population is prehypertensive [2]. In most hypertensive patients, systemic vascular resistance is increased associated with vascular dysfunction. It is well known that calcium channel antagonists, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and angiotensin II type 1 (AT-1) receptor antagonists are not efficient in a great number of hypertensive patients, suggesting the presence of patients who are resistant to these medications [31. Therefore, it is crucial to discover news avenues for hypertension-induced vasculopathy.