Quantifying the effects of renal impairment on plasma concentrations of the neuroendocrine neoplasia biomarkers chromogranin A, chromogranin B, and cocaineand amphetamine-regulated transcript

摘要

Neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) accounts for 2% of all malignancies (1). Patients with NEN often present with nonspecific symptoms and thus represent a major diagnostic challenge. There are several circulating NEN biomarkers, and chromogranin A (CgA) is regarded as the gold standard (2). Chromogranin B (CgB) has been found to be a useful diagnostic addition to CgA measurements (3). The pep-tide product of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is also increased in patients with NENs, particularly in those with pancreatic NENs (4).