Investigation of Unexpected Reaction Intermediates in the Alkaline Hydrolysis of Methyl 3,5-Dinitrobenzoate

摘要

The majority of organic reactions pass through intermediate species in which a carbon atom at the reaction center may have two or three valences. The most common intermediates, such as carbocations (I), free radicals (II), carbanions (III), and carbenes (IV), are typically short-lived species that are rapidly converted into more stable molecules (1). Such intermediates are, therefore, difficult to identify by spectroscopic (UV–vis, IR, and NMR) or spectrometric (MS) techniques.