Natural Fibers Woven Structures for Composites Reinforcements

摘要

During the last decades, the interest of scientists and practitioners towards increasing the performance of natural fibers as a reinforcement for composite materials, is constantly growing. Bast fibers, such as flax and hemp, offer biodegradability, low weight, good heat and sound insulation properties, and could offer an eco-friendly alternative to glass fibers. These could be replaced by basalt fibers due to similar chemical composition and resistance to high temperatures, strength and durability in a range of usages. Our research is focused on development of natural fiber reinforcement types and optimization of textile reinforcement based on Leno woven architecture. Flax and hemp yarns with linear density ranging from 105 to 1619 Tex, basalt fibers (linear density 68/2 Tex) were used to develop woven reinforcement structures with surface density between 102 and 606 g/m~2. Ultimate loads for samples from bast fibers range from 340.6 N (105 Tex hemp yarns) and 376.5 N (436 Tex hemp/ 66/2 Tex flax yarns) to 1108.9 N (1619 Tex and 66/2 Tex flax yarns) and 1265.4 N (1619 Tex flax/ 25/4 Tex cotton yarns). In contrast, samples including also basalt fibers range from 604.1 N (68/2 Tex basalt/ 105 Tex hemp yarns) and 559.6N (68/2/2 Tex basalt/25/4 Tex cotton yarns) to 891.4 N (68/2/2 Tex basalt /277 Tex flax yarns). Among those hybrid fabric laminates the highest dimensional stability during tensile loading is shown by basalt/cotton yarns.