Mutagenic efficiency and effectiveness of EMS and DMS in black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

摘要

Dry and dormant seeds of black gram variety Barkha were treated with three concentrations of EMS and DMS viz., 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 per sent and 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06 per cent respectively, to find out the frequency and spectrum of macro mutations and efficiency and effectiveness of above doses to induced desirable mutants. In Mi generation decreases in germination, seedling height and seedling dry weight were observed with increasing concentration of mutagens. Induced pollen sterility was significant anddose dependent for both the treatments. The frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll and morphological mutants increased with increasing concentrations of both the mutagens and recorded highest at 0.06 DMS (0.90%) and 0.6 EMS (0.75%). Occurrence of chlorophyll mutants were rare then morphological mutants. The spectrum of chlorophyll mutations consisted of xantha, chlorina and virscent type and morphological mutations consisted of unbranched, dwarf and elongated leaf types, out of these xantha and dwarf types was predominant. Mutagenic efficiency and effectiveness was found to be highest at lower doses of mutagens. EMS 0.2 per cent was the most efficient mutagenic treatment and DMS 0.02 per cent was found to be most effective mutagenic treatment.