Performance of an AB sub 2 alloy in sealed Ni-MH batteries for electric vehicles: quantification of corrosion rate and consequences on the battery performance

摘要

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the corrosion rate of a Laves phase alloy, with the C15 crystallographic structure, in 22 Ah sealed Ni-MH batteries for electric vehicle applications. At the end of life, measurements of the capacities of negative and positive electrodes show that the battery capacity is limited by the negative polarity. Negative electrodes exhibit a capacity loss of 60% which is attributed to kinetics problems due to the corrosion layers and to a loss of the active material. A model allowing the determination of the alloy corrosion has been developed by taking into account the solubilities and the oxidation state of the corrosion products and the amount of oxygen in corroded alloy. Although the corrosion rate of the AB sub 2 alloy is equivalent to what has been observed using AB sub 5 alloys, its consequences on battery performance are more severe due to the high oxidation state of V and Zr.