Combined effects of heavy metal ions on bacteria and the determination of heavy metals by bioassay

摘要

In the framework of the development of bioassay, a procedure was developed for studying the combined effects of heavy metal ions on bacteria. The bacterium Bacillus subtilis niger was proposed as an analytical indicator. A universal calculation system was developed that allows one to obtain and analyze functional models of toxicity and the combined effects of toxicants. Models for the action of Zn2+-Cu2+, Zn2+-Cd2+, Zn2+- Cu2+-Cd2+, and Zn2+-Cu2+-Cd2+-Hg2+ mixtures on Bacillus subtilis niger were obtained and studied, and are discussed for the first time. The effect of the type of the nutrient medium on the character and structure of the combined effects was studied. The resulting models were applied to the determination of concentrations of heavy metal ions in mixtures.