Organisation du genome embryonnaire apres la fecondation chez les mammiferes

摘要

Embryonic genome organization after fertilization in mammals.In mammals, the embryonic genome is first transcriptionnally inactive after fertilization. Embryonic development is then strictly dependent on the maternally inherited RNA and proteins accumulated before ovulation and present in the oocyte cytoplasm. The onset of embryonic gene expression is initiated later during development, i.e. during the "embryonic genome activation (EGA)". EGA takes place at various preim-plantation stages according to species and is dependent on the presence of the basal transcriptional machinery components but also on parental genomes reorganizations after fertilization. Indeed, during the first embryonic cycles, nuclei undergo intense remodeling that could be a key regulator of embryonic development.