DRILLING OPERATIONS throughout the world occasionally require the use of casing liner strings. The installation of these strings presents a variety of challenges for both the installation tools and the cementing technologies. Unfortunately, the failure of liner tops and/or liner installations is a common problem in today's oil and gas industry. The cost of fixing these failures can be significantly expensive, especially if the failure involves loss of the wellbore. The cost of a failed liner can be up to 30 million dollars a deepwater well.
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