Central nervous system relapse after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in primary plasma cell leukemia

摘要

The usefulness of autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) has not been established for primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL). After achieving complete remission with chemotherapy, a 61-year-old man underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation with a conditioning regimen comprising melphalan 200mg/m2 in December 2002. He was discharged on Day 26 in complete remission. PCL relapsed in cerebrospinal fluid 3 months after transplantation. Intra- and extra-thecal plasmacytomas also developed, but no bone marrow relapse was documented. The patient died of disease progression on Day 236 after auto-SCT. Novel therapeutic approaches to PCL are needed.