Disorders of the Urogenital Organs

摘要

Estrogen receptors are densely distributed in the trigone of the urinary bladder, the urethra, and the vagina, all of which are structures that develop from the urogenital sinus. Consequently, chronic postmenopausal estrogen deficiency affects the urogenital tissues and causes atrophy that leads to dysfunction of the urogenital organs. In this article, the clinical effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on menopausal or geriatric urogenital dysfunction are described along with the relevant pathophysiological background.