The use of tumor-associated antigens in prostate cancer vaccines

摘要

The lack of effective therapies for metastatic prostate cancer and the toxicity profiles of current prostate cancer therapies have created the need for continued development of immunogenic treatments with a favorable toxicity profile. Immune-based strategies target specific cancer antigens to help create a more personalized approach to achieve cancer control without significant toxicity. A variety of antigen-specific cancer vaccine trials of different phases have been conducted. Although the underlying mechanisms behind each vaccine vary, all immunogenic approaches have the same goal of eliciting a prostate tumor-associated antigen response. Currently, only one vaccine has been approved by the FDA; however, further developments may lead to the approval of more vaccines in the near future. This review provides an overview of vaccine-based strategies with details about their underlying mechanisms and relevant clinical trial data.