Gold nanoparticles and nanocomposites based on them are finding more and more extensive use as highly effective catalysts of various chemical processes [1], optical sensors of biospecific interactions [2], agents for the targeted drug delivery [2] and photo-thermolysis of cancer cells [3], inhibitors of autoimmune diseases [4], etc. However, the problem of thermodynamic instability of nanoparticles caused by excess of their surface energy has not still been ultimately solved [5, 6]. This problem is addressed using stabilizing polymeric matrices of synthetic and natural origin, in particular, polysaccharides, which impart a specific set of additional physicochemical and biological properties to nanoparticles [7, 8].
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