Ammonia volatilization from manure applied to fields - data collation for an EU database and its statistical analysis

摘要

The volatilization of ammonia from field-spread animal manure represents a major source of atmospheric pollution and leads to a significant reduction in the fertilizer value of the manure (Jarvis and Pain, 1990). Concern at the impact of atmosphericammonia forms the background to ongoing international negotiations for reduction of national ammonia emissions (ECETOC, 1994). In addition, legislation restricting the application of nitrogen in animal manure, both at an EU level (Nitrate Directive) andat a national level (Burton & Martinez, 1996, compilation of articles in Ingenieries), will make it increasingly important for the farmers to make an optimal use of manure nitrogen.