Smart design of acoustic materials is fast becoming one of the main research interest of the acoustic community. This is a necessary step in order to develop new and more efficient sound absorbing materials for tomorrow's applications. Two main approaches can be used to achieve this coal: a microscopic approach and macroscopic one. The microscopic approach consist in developing an acoustic wave propagation model which is directly based on the microstructure of the given material. The macroscopic approach involves establishing links, through either analytical or empirical methods, between the micro-structural properties of porous materials and their macroscopic acoustic properties. Once these links have been established, they are substituted in the macroscopic models and the necessary tools for optimizing the microstructure of an acoustic material are then available. In both approaches, the ability to produce the porous materials with the desired micro-structural properties is also an important part of this equation.
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