HCV is most efficiently transmitted through large or repeated percutaneous exposure to infected blood (e.g., through transfusion of blood from unscreened donors) and can also be transmitted through occupational, perinatal, and sexual exposures, although much less efficiently. If healthcare providers experience a sharps exposure from an HCV-positive patient, the risk of HCV infection is approximately 1.8% (range: 0%-10%). It is possible for HCV to be transmitted via a blood splash to the eye, but the risk is low (CDC, 2013).
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