European pome fruit genetic resources evaluated for disease resistance. (Special Issue: Pome fruit health.)

摘要

Pome fruit genetic resources collections constitute a highly valuable resource not only for fruit breeding but also for direct use by nurseries, growers, and home gardeners. In order to use these resources efficiently and sustainably, reliable evaluation data on fruit and tree characteristics must be generated. Here we focus on pome fruit genetic resources evaluated phenotypically and genotypically for susceptibility to apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha), fire blight (Erwinia amylovora), pear rust (Gymnosporangium sabinae) and storage diseases (e.g., Penicillium expansum). Examples are presented of several ongoing projects throughout Europe, with the aim to evaluate fruit genetic resources for disease susceptibility and potential use in breeding and for commercial use. The COST action 864 has fostered international cooperation in the evaluation of pome fruit genetic resources, and some of these evaluations therefore involve research groups from several of the participating countries.