Description of the previously unknown advertisement calls of Hyalinobatrachium fragile, H, pellucidum, and Vitreorana antisthenesi (Amphibia: Centrolenidae)

摘要

We provide for the first time detailed descriptions of the advertisement calls of three species of glassfrogs of the family Centrolenidae. The call of Hyalinobatrachium pellucidum is a single, high-pitched tonal note, lacking amplitude modulation, lasting 0.12-0.18 s, and with a dominant frequency of 4863.54-5408.68 Hz. The call of H. fragile is also composed of a single tonal note, lasting 0.12-0.15 s, with a dominant frequency of 3774.78-3931.89 Hz; however, the call of H fragile exhibits amplitudemodulation that resembles the shape of a Goldfish cracker when visualized as an oscillogram. The call of Vitreorana antisthenesi consists of a single note of modulated pulses that decrease in energy, lasting 0.03-0.05 s, and with a dominant frequency of5345.44-5484.73 Hz. We compare these three calls to those of congeneric species in a phylogenetic context.