Effect of potassium with or without micronutrients on plant growth and alkaloid content in deadly nightshade (Atropa bella donna L.).: Part 2: Alkaloid content (hyoscyamine, scopolamine and atropine) [Auswirkung von Kalium mit oder ohne Mikron?hrstoffe auf das Pflanzenwachstum und den Alkaloidgehalt von Tollkirsche (Atropa bella-donna L.).: Teil 2: Alkaloidgehalt (Hyoscyamin, Scopolamin und Atropin)]

摘要

The study deals with the optimization of the foliar application of potassium with or without boron, cobalt and manganese with respect to the tropane alkaloid content of deadly nightshade (Atropa bella-donna L.). The results showed that the foliar addition of potassium decreased the concentration of all tropane alkaloids significantly whereas the application of 25 mg L ~(-1) manganese led to a total alkaloid content of 1.52% in the aerial parts as well as the roots of the plant. Under these conditions, the highest hyoscyamine content (1.30% and 1.32%), scopolamine content (0.16% and 0.04%) and atropine content (0.06% and 0.16%) was obtained in the aerial parts and roots, respectively. The untreated plants serving as control showed the lowest alkaloid content of 0.96% in the aerial parts as well as in the roots. The highest alkaloid yield of 1.80 g plant~(-1) was found in deadly nightshade plants sprayed with manganese at a concentration of 25 mg L~(-1). Looking at the interactions of the nutrients, the addition of 25 and 50 mg L~(-1) manganese without potassium resulted in the highest content of total alkaloids (1.68% and 1.69%) in the aerial parts and 1.70% and 1.72% in the roots, respectively. The highest total alkaloid yield of 2.03 g plant ~(-1) (sum of aerial parts and roots) was found when potassium at 1 000 mg L~(-1) plus manganese at 50 mg L~(-1) was applied.