Performance of a Three-Dimensional Antenna Array and Its Application in DOA Estimation

摘要

In this paper, we develop a novel three-dimensional (3D) multiantenna array for enhancing the performance of multiple input multiple output systems. This array is composed of two uniform circular arrays (UCAs). A frequency nonselective Rayleigh fading channel model is introduced to calculate the spatial fading correlation (SFC) and capacity of a multipath channel. Then, the influence of the rotation angle and the perpendicular distance h of the upper UCA in a double uniform circular array (DUCA) with reference to the lower UCA and the radius r of the DUCA on the SFC and the capacity are investigated. In addition, the DUCA is applied to a multiple signal classification algorithm in order to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA). Simulation results show that which results in the minimum correlation and the maximum capacity depends on the angle of arrival, and the increase in h and r enhances the capacity performance. However, when has little effect on the capacity. Comparing the spatial spectrum and the root mean square error of the DUCA with a general uniform linear array, UCA, and 2-L array, this paper shows that 3D antenna arrays have significant advantages in DOA estimation.