CLARK S NUTCRACKERS HARVEST SUGAR PINE SEEDS FROM CONES

摘要

This is the frist report of Clark s Nutcrackers (Nucrfraga columbiana) harvesting seeds from the cones of sugar pine (Pinus lambertzana) based on observaitions over several veus in Crater Lake National Park Oregon The harvesting period in late Scptember corresponded to peak cone opening dates Nutcrackers placed harvested seeds in then throut pouches a behavior associated with seed caching