Biochemical screening for osmotic adjustment of wheat genotypes under drought stress.

摘要

The aim of this work is to study the effect of water scarcity on some physiological and biochemical markers of durum wheat genotypes. Two genotypes differing in their origin were tested. Measurements of drought effects were carried out after ten days of exposure to gradual levels, and allowed us to examine if there exists a differential response of synthesis, accumulation and transport between leaves and roots regarding total proteins, proline and soluble sugars, with respect of membrane stability and water content, to reveal any patterns of discrimination between genotypes. It seems that the two genotypes develop the same strategies under drought conditions with a significant difference in the rate of osmoticums synthesis and accumulation. This difference concerns mainly proline accumulation which appears to be strongly correlated with genotypic variability. Indeed, there is a large accumulation of proline in the local genotype Oued Zenati compared to the genotype Acsad 289 although both genotypes showed an ability to synthesize them leading to adapt drought conditions. The parameters studied in the present investigation could be very useful for screening of wheat genotypes resistant to drought. Considering our results, the exploitation of local genotype Oued Zenati could constitute a basis of selection for agriculture in arid and semiarid regions.