The Finnish distribution company Graninge Kainuu Oy (GKO) is responsible for the electricity distribution network in the province of Kainuu in Northern Finland (Fig. 1), with business interests for the distribution and sale of electrical energy. GKO's distribution network is located in an area where population density is low, with approximately 95,000 inhabitants living in an area of 22,500 sq km (8690 sq miles). GKO supplies 53,000 distribution customers and, as a measure of the rural nature of the area, the length of overhead network commissioned per customer is 240 m (790 ft). During 2001, GKO's shareholders set two operational targets, namely, "high yield" and customer satisfaction in the form of "good continuity of supply."
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