Behavioral needs of the transition cow and considerations for special needs facility design.

摘要

Knowledge of the complex behavioral needs of the dairy cow is essential if we are to provide adequate housing during the transition period. Cow flow through the transition period often necessitates many pen changes, which are disruptive to the social organization of cow groups. Stocking rates that exceed stall and feed-bunk capacity place even greater challenges on the dairy cow at this time. Alternative strategies for cow grouping and improvements in pen and stall design are discussed, which provide greater behavioral freedom for the dairy cow, and improvements in health and productivity.