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首页> 外文期刊>The Royal Society Proceedings B: Biological Sciences >Multiple routes to asexuality in an aphid species.
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Multiple routes to asexuality in an aphid species.

机译:蚜虫无性繁殖的多种途径。

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摘要

Cyclical parthenogens, including aphids, are important models for studying the evolution of sex. However, little is known about transitions to asexuality in aphids, although the mode of origin of asexual lineages has important consequences for their level of genetic diversity, ecological adaptability and the outcome of competition with their sexual relatives. Thus, we surveyed nuclear, mitochondrial and biological data obtained on cyclical and obligate parthenogens of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L), to investigate the frequency of transitions from sexuality to permanent asexuality. Many instances of asexual lineages retaining the ability to produce males are known in aphids, so particular attention was paid to the existence of occasional matings between females from sexual lineages and males produced by asexual lineages, which have the potential to produce new asexual lineages. Phylogenetic inference based on microsatellite and mitochondrial data indicates at least three independent origins of asexuality in R. padi, yielding the strongest evidence to date for multiple origins of asexuality in an aphid. Moreover, several lines of evidence demonstrate that transitions to asexuality result from two mechanisms: a complete spontaneous loss of sex and repeated gene flow from essentially asexual lineages into sexual ones.
机译:包括蚜虫在内的周期性孤雌激素是研究性别进化的重要模型。然而,尽管无性家族的起源方式对其遗传多样性水平,生态适应性以及与性亲属竞争的结果具有重要影响,但对蚜虫向无性繁殖的转变知之甚少。因此,我们调查了从鸟樱桃燕麦蚜虫Rhopalosiphum padi(L)的周期性和专性单性生殖激素获得的核,线粒体和生物学数据,以研究从性行为向永久性无性行为转变的频率。在蚜虫中已知许多保留产生雄性能力的无性世系实例,因此应特别注意性世系的雌性与由无性世系产生的雄性之间偶尔的交配,这有可能产生新的无性世系。基于微卫星和线粒体数据的系统发育推论表明,R。padi中至少有三个独立的无性起源,这为迄今为止蚜虫中多个无性起源提供了最有力的证据。此外,有几条证据表明,向无性恋的转变是由两种机制引起的:性的完全自发性丧失和重复的基因流从基本上无性的世系变成性的。

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