Enhancing Brain Lesions in a Renal Transplant Patient

摘要

Neurologists should be familiar with the spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) pathology that renal transplants patients are prone to. We are presenting a case of posttransplant lymp ho proliferate disorder of the CNS to highlight less commonly described imaging findings and review this disease entity.Renal transplants comprise the largest number of organ transplants; there were over 15 000 renal transplants in the United States in 2009. This, plus the fact that renal transplant recipients have the highest 1 - and 5-year survival rates, means neurologists will encounter such patients. A thorough differential for central nervous system (CNS) symptoms in renal transplant patients includes ischemia, infection, immunosuppressant medication side effects, malignancy, seizures, and less commonly graft versus host complications. Keeping this differential broad is important since the results of serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and imaging may show atypical patterns in the immunosup-pressed population. Here, we present a case of a renal transplant patient who presented with altered mental state and enhancing brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).^g>renal transplant, central nervous system infection, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), primary central nervous system PTLD (PCNS-PTLD), brain neoplasms