Genetic architecture of yield and its associated traits in six-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

摘要

A genetic analysis was conducted in Rajasthan, India, on barley parental cultivars RD 2035, RD 2052, RD 2503, RD, 2508, RD 2552, RD 2585, RD 387, BL 2, ISBYT-ISBYT 4 and ISBYT 17, for yield and its associated traits (days to heading, plant height, tillers per plant, flag leaf area, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, harvest index and grain yield per plant) under different sowing dates (8 November, 23 November and 28 December). Genotype x environment interaction was significant for all the characters in both F1 and F2 generations. Environment-wise analysis of variance showed that the general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant for all the characters indicating involvement of both additive and non-additive gene effects, with the non-additive gene effect being predominant. The interaction between gca x environment and sca x environment were significant for almost all the characters reflecting a susceptibility of the gca and sca effects of the characters with the environments. RD 2052, RD 2503 and RD 2508 were the best general combiners for grain yield and are also high to average general combiners for most of the important traits. The best stable crossover environments was RD 2503 x RD 2585. Environment-wise best crosses for grain yield per plant were RD 2035 x RD 2052 for early sowing (E1); RD 2052 x BL 2 for normal sowing (E2); and RD 2035 x BL 2 for late sowing (E3). The best crosses generally involved at least one of the parents with desirable gca effects.