Stability analysis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) and durum wheat (T. durum L.) genotypes.

摘要

A study was conducted to develop high yielding bread and durum wheat cultivars showing good degree of stability over a wide range of environmental conditions. Twenty bread wheat and 5 durum wheat genotypes was planted during the rabi season of 2004-05 and evaluated under 3 conditions: rainfed (E1), timely sown irrigated (E2), and late sown irrigated situations (E3). Sowing dates for E1, E2 and E3 were 29 October, 18 November and 18 December 2004, respectively. The analysis of variance revealed significant mean squares for all the genotypes and genotype x environment for all the traits studied. The linear component of G x E interactions was significant for the number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plot. Stability of 16 genotypes for days to maturity can be predicted, which possessed non-significant deviation from regression and 11 genotypes were found stable. Six genotypes possessed higher mean values and non-significant regression coefficient greater than one and hence were stable and suitable for favourable environments. Six genotypes were linearly predictable in terms of number of tillers per metre because of non-significant deviations from regression. For the number of grains per spike, five genotypes had higher mean values and regression coefficient greater than one, indicating their stability for favourable environment. For 1000-grain weight, six genotypes had higher mean values with regression coefficient higher than one. For harvest index, UP 2338 showed deviation from regression value exactly zero indicating its high predictability. For yield per plot, UP 1109, UP 262, PBW 343, UP 2572 and PBW 396 possessed deviation from regression exactly zero, indicating high predictability. Ten genotypes with higher mean values and regression coefficient higher than unity indicated stability under favourable conditions. Genotypes Raj 3765, PBW 343, UP 2565, PBW 373, UP 2572 and PBW 396 which had good yields and possessed wider adaptability may be exploited..