Validation of integrated pest management modules for castor (Ricinus communis) in Andhra Pradesh.

摘要

An experiment was conducted during 2001-04 to develop and validate the location-specific and cost-effective integrated pest management modules under real farm situations. Biointensive integrated pest management (including cultural control treatments) and chemical insecticide-intensive integrated pest management modules were compared with non-integrated pest management module 1 (farmers practice with wilt (Fusarium oxysporum)-resistant castor cultivar Jyoti) and 2 (farmers practice without Jyoti) under farmers conditions in Andhra Pradesh, India. Both biointensive and chemical insecticide-intensive integrated pest management modules were effective in reducing insect pest population compared to non-integrated pest management modules. In the integrated pest management modules, the average seedling blight (Phytophthora parasitica [Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica]) and Botrytis ricini [Amphobotrys ricini] incidence ranged from 0.95 to 1.13 and 7.30 to 7.89% compared with 6.15-6.95 and 10.43-16.64% in the non-integrated pest management modules, respectively. The incidence of Fusarium wilt was nil in the integrated pest management modules and non-integrated pest management module 1 compared to 24.41% in the non-integrated pest management module 2. The average castor seed yield recorded in biointensive integrated pest management module was 519, 536, and 760 kg/ha and the cost:benefit (C:B) ratio was 1:2.49, 1:3.17 and 1:3.35, whereas in chemical insecticide-intensive integrated pest management module, the average yield was 529, 542 and 767 kg/ha with C:B ratio of 1:2.26, 1:3.04 and 1:3.14 compared with the non-integrated pest management module 2 with seed yield of 433, 398 and 512 kg/ha and C:B ratio of 1:1.78, 1:2.21 and 1:2.32 during 2001-02, 2002-03 and 2003-04, respectively. Non-integrated pest management module 1 recorded seed yield of 497 and 630 kg/ha with C:B ratio of 1:2.82 and 1:2.67 during 2002-03 and 2003-04, respectively..