Early programming of adult blood pressure in the low birth weight Yucatan miniature pig is exacerbated by a post-weaning high-salt-fat-sugar diet

摘要

We previously demonstrated that intra-uterine growth-restricted (IUGR) Yucatan miniature pigs develop modestly elevated blood pressure (BP) as young adults. The present study evaluated the effects of a post-weaning Western-style, high-salt-fat-sugar (HSFS) diet on early programming of BP. IUGR piglets (3d old, 0-77 (sem 0.04)kg, n 6) were paired with normal weight (NW) same-sex littermates (1-14 (skm 0-03) kg, n 6) and fed milk replacer for 4 weeks. A third littermate was left with the sow (SF; 1-01(sem 0.05)kg, n 6). When 4 weeks old, all pigs were placed on a HSFS diet ad libitum for 5h/d. When 11 months old, telemeters were implanted to measure BP in pigs before (4-5% NaCl) and after (0-5% NaCl) a 7d reduced salt challenge. At necropsy, nephronnumbers were determined. Before sexual maturity, IUGR pigs had greater relative feed intake CP<0-05), and experienced catch-up growth with greater adiposity, with correlations between adiposity and BP CP<0-05). Adult IUGR pigs had 26-34% fewer nephrons and higher diastolic BP (107-7 (sem 4-9)mmHg, P= 0-044) than NW (97-2 (sem l-8)mmHg) and SF (98-9 (shm 5-3)mmHg) pigs. Systolic BP was similar among the three groups, but was significantly elevated compared with levels previously reported for a control diet. Salt restriction reduced BP in all groups (P<0-05), but with no differences (P>0-05) in the degree of salt sensitivity among groups. In conclusion, a post-weaning Western-style diet exacerbates early programming of diastolic BP in Yucatan miniature swine, whereas systolic BP is more sensitive to postnatal diet.