Malpighi was born in Crevalcore, near Bologna Italy, on March 10, 1628. He was raised on a farm. He entered the University of Bologna at 17 years of age, but was forced to abandon his studies for more than 2 years to settle family affairs when his father, mother, and paternal grandmother all died within months of each other. He was granted doctorates in medicine and in philosophy in 1653. Upon graduation, he applied for a position as lecturer at Bologna, but it was 3 years before the post was awarded. He became a lecturer in logic. Contemporaneously, he was offered the first chair in Theoretical Medicine at the University of Pisa,. which he accepted. He remained in Pisa for 3 years.
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