Tantalum coating on meta substrates such as stainless steel and CoCrMo alloy makes (heavy) load bearing tantalum implants available by combining a high strength core with a diffusion barrier of tantalum. Further tantalum coating improves the fatigue strength of the substrates by up to 60 percent compared to uncoated material. Implantation of tantalum coated implants shows a bone integration rate significantly better than titanium. Tantalum coated carbon-carbon composite cages for spinal fusion offer excellent bone integration and inherent X-ray marking while the desirable properties of the C-C substrate are preserved. Implantation confirms adequate strength, biocompatibility, bone integration and compatibility with radiology and CT-scanning, both producing clear images of the implant and the bone inside.
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