Transparietal access techniques and technologies, and evolving natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery

摘要

Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) was an evolving field of minimally invasive surgery in the early 2000s that has progressed with mixed popularity. NOTES is achieved via transvaginal, transrectal, and transgastric routes. This article describes the techniques for transparietal access and how NOTES has evolved through 2015.