Asymptomatic Peritoneal Leukocytosis After Exteriorization of Buried Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters: A Case Series

摘要

Peritonitis is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), the leading cause of technique failure, and an important contributor to mortality. A diagnosis of PD peritonitis requires that 2 of the 3 following criteria are present, abdominal pain, elevated peritoneal leukocyte count, and positive effluent culture. Sterile peritonitis, where the effluent culture is negative, accounts for approximately 20% of the first episode of peritonitis in PD patients (1). It often reflects bacterial infection in which the culture may be negative, because of either recent use of antibiotics or suboptimal microbiology methodology. A number of non-infectious causes have also been identified as possible etiologies of sterile peritonitis (2). For example, allergic reaction to the tubing or to certain intraperitoneal antibiotics may present as sterile eosinophilic peritonitis, while use of icodextrin may, rarely, precipitate a monocytic-predominant sterile peritonitis (2).