Our former facility for hot metal desulfurization (the TPC-injection system) has been replaced by ladle injection system for desulfurization treatment. However, the durability of the desulfurizing lance and snorkel was not satisfactory, and the rise of refractory cost was a problem. In order to solve these problems, the refractories and core metal have been studied to obtain stability, longer life and a reduction in refractory cost. The present paper reports these studies.
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