Cattle immunology: The immune response to parasites

摘要

The term 'parasite' covers a wide range of infectious organisms and, hence, a large number of types of immune response. After taking into account the occurrence of different types of bovine parasitic infections, this review deals primarily with the immune response to helminth (nematode and trematode) infections. IgE antibodies are very important in the control of parasitic infection. However, in order to create an environment that favours IgE production, the immune system must be able to perform twofunctions: first, it must be able to generate CD4+ Th2 cells (which provide help for humoral immune responses) and, second, it must allow cytokine production by these cells.