There are now many practices in the UK developing a bull-breeding soundness examination service for their clients, after being trained in the procedures of electroejaculation (EEJ) and semen evaluation. The recent launch of the BCVA Bull Pre-BreedingExamination (PBE) Certificate means there is now a standard reporting format available for those BCVA members who wish to issue certificates after examination of bulls. It is important when examining bulls for certification purposes that each stageof the examination is carried out thoroughly and to a high standard to ensure the process has credibility. For a bull to be certified as suitable for breeding, using the new BCVA certificate, it must pass a physical examination, achieve minimum standardsfor scrotal circumference and produce a semen sample that has a progressive motility of ^ 60% with >70% morphologically normal sperm (see Penny [2009] for a detailed description of PBE).
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