Automated sonographic tubal patency evaluation with three-dimensional coded contrast imaging (CCI) during hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (HyCoSy).

摘要

Evaluation of tubal status is one of the initial steps in the diagnostic work-up of infertile women. Hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (HyCoSy), currently performed as part of the infertility work-up to assess tubal patency by transvaginal ultrasound (TVS), is based on the introduction of fluid into the uterine cavity and Fallopian tubes. To evaluate the Fallopian tubes, a sonographic enhancing positive-contrast medium may be used. Air, albumin with micro air bubbles, and galactose with micro air bubbles have been studied. These positive-contrast agents outline the course of the Fallopian tubes, producing a hyperechoic appearance. The most simple and inexpensive positive-contrast medium is saline solution mixed with air. When this solution is shaken, it generates a suspension of air bubbles that is easily identified sonographically when injected into the uterine cavity and Fallopian tubes with spillage around the ovaries.