Emerging standards in UVA protection

摘要

The need for UVB and UVA protection during work and leisure is generally recognized.Over the last 5 years new UVA and broad-spectrum UV filters became available.This allows the formulators to create sunscreens with far superior broad-spectrum protection than ever.The open question in most countries still is how to communicate the degree of UVA protection to the consumer.We present a brief overview of the available methods for assessment of UVA protection.Besides established UVA methods and standards such as Persistent Pigment Darkening(Japan),Australian UVA standard,UVA/UVB ratio(United Kingdom)and UVA balance(Germany),new methods,e.g.an improved UVA balance that takes into account photostability,are emerging.