Railroads could gain by cutting rates during period of low-priced natural gas

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Railroads could gain by cutting rates during period of low-priced natural gas

机译：铁路可通过在低价天然气时期降低利率而获得收益

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A natural gas price window might exist right now in which it's worthwhile for the Eastern railroads to discount rates to some customers in order to maximize profits. Of course, the railroads might not see it that way. Jamie Heller, president of Hellerworx, has done some work on the premise, and when it comes to rail transportation, Jamie doesn't miss much, his shocking lack of knowledge of the Acela timetables aside. He calls his suggested approach "price sculpting."

机译：天然气价格窗口可能现在就存在，对于东方铁路公司来说，有必要将价格打折给某些客户以使利润最大化。当然，铁路可能不会那样看。海勒沃克斯（Hellerworx）总裁杰米·海勒（Jamie Heller）在此前提下做了一些工作，而在铁路运输方面，杰米并没有错过太多，除了对阿塞拉（Acela）时刻表的了解外，他令人震惊。他称其建议的方法是“雕刻价格”。

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《U.S. Coal Review》 |2010年第1804期|共2页
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1. Railroads could gain by cutting rates during period of low-priced natural gas [J] . U.S. Coal Review . 2010,第1804期

机译：铁路可通过在低价天然气时期降低利率而获得收益
2. Obama touts natural gas, efficiency gains as keys to cutting oil imports in his energy plan [J] . Keith Chu Platts Electric Utility Week . 2011,第0404期

机译：奥巴马吹捧天然气，提高效率是其能源计划中削减石油进口的关键
3. Railroads Gain In Popularity for Rate-Sensitive Manufacturers [J] . Industry week . 2013,第7期

机译：铁路对于价格敏感的制造商越来越受欢迎
4. Open Access for Heavy Haul Railroads: Questionable Strategy for Social Welfare Gains [C] . Mark Fagan, Raphael Barcham Annual transportation research forum . 2010

机译：重型铁路的开放通道：可观的社会福利策略
5. Potential gains from an accelerated production system for natural beef. [D] . Bartschi, Sean Z. 2005

机译：加快天然牛肉生产系统的潜在收益。
6. Natural Killer Cell-Based Therapies Targeting Cancer: Possible Strategies to Gain and Sustain Anti-Tumor Activity [O] . Carin I. M. Dahlberg, Dhifaf Sarhan, Michael Chrobok, 2015

机译：靶向癌症的基于自然杀伤细胞的疗法：获得并维持抗肿瘤活性的可能策略
7. : "This paper deals with the functionality of the flaked stone assemblages from several Neolithic sites of the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. The chronological framework ranges from the mid-6th to the mid-4th millennium cal. BCE, which corresponds to the Early and Middle Neolithic. This long period ranges from the arrival of the first farming communities in the Iberian Peninsula, around 5600-5500 cal. BCE, to 3600-3500 cal. BCE, two millennia later, when Neolithic communities had stably occupied most of the available territory, from the mountainous areas of the Pyrenees to the coastal areas of the Mediterranean.In this context, the NE of the Iberian Peninsula is one of the areas where a major number of use-wear analyses have been carried out, especially for what concerns the Neolithic period. This is mainly due to the interest shown by the directors of the excavations and by the Spanish use-wear specialists as well; both participated and cooperated in order to enlarge the number of contexts studied, making the NE of the Iberian Peninsula one of the areas of Europe with the largest number of ‘functional studies’. As a result, today we have a reliable picture of the type of lithic tools used by the first farming groups, how they were used, and which needs they were satisfying.The methodology employed for this type of analysis is today broadly shared by most use-wear specialists. A stereoscopic microscope is used together with a reflected-light microscope for the analysis of the archaeological specimens. Afterwards, the observed use-wear traces are compared with the traces from experimental tools. This study primarily made use of the tools preserved at the ‘Traceoteque’ of the Institución Milà y Fontanals of the CSIC of Barcelona.This paper presents the results obtained for the different types of analysed sites and the relative lithic assemblages. In this way, tools from different contexts are compared: open-air sites, caves and rock-shelters, pit-sites, burials, and mining sites. Such a diversity of contexts allowed for the exploration of the existence of recurrences and differences in the functionality of the lithic tools from one site to another. The results obtained have also provided information on some aspects related to the economic processes carried out at the different sites, caves, rock-shelters and open-air contexts. It has been possible to gain fresh data on the types of tasks carried out and their relative importance for each site, their relation with the geographical and environmental context and the natural resources available there. In addition, analysing tools recovered from burials – mainly individual inhumations – provided information on the relationships between the buried individuals and the working tools, in particular exploring the relationships between sex and age patterns and the types of tools deposited as goods.In conclusion, use-wear analysis allowed for the exploration of a variety of issues; from technical aspects related to the production and management of the lithic resources to social aspects related to the subsistence activities and the individuals that carried them out." [O] . Gibaja Bao, Juan Francisco, Mazzucco, Niccolo 2015

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8. Application of Costing and Ratemaking Concepts of the Natural Gas Pipeline Industry to the Right-of-Way of American Railroads [R] . Berman, D. , Johnston, K. , Ecklund, G. 1979

机译：天然气管道成本核算与造价理念在美国铁路通行权中的应用

Railroads could gain by cutting rates during period of low-priced natural gas

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