The efficacy of differentiated soil tillage systems and soil variation on winter wheat weed infestation.

摘要

The aim of investigation was to identify the effect of three cultivation systems of the soil: conventional, simplified and direct sowing on four soils: light clay (chernozem soil; good wheat complex), heavy clay sands (brown soil; good wheat complex), light clay sands (grey-brown podsolic soil; good rye complex) and slightly clay sands (grey-brown podsolic soil; weak rye complex), on the efficacy of winter wheat chemical weeding. The experiments were conduced in Baborowko Experimental Station of the Institute of Science and Plant Cultivation, National Research Institute, in 2006-2008. Twenty weed species were found. At the end of winter wheat tillering (BBCH 27-29) 18 weed species were identified, the intensity of which did not exceed 1% of soil coverage. These were: Apera spica-venti, Brassica napus var. oleifera, Capsella bursapastoris, Matricaria maritima, Papaver rhoeas, Viola arvensis. At the stage of grain ripening of winter wheat (BBCH 81-85) out of 11 occurring weeds only plants of A. spica-venti were at the amount not exceeding 1% of soil coverage. Herbicidal protection was the most effective at the site localised on a good wheat complex. Treatment with herbicides the least protected winter wheat plantation on weak sandy soil originating from slightly clay sands belonging to the weak rye complex. The species A. spica-venti and M. maritima occurred more abundantly in conditions of conventional and simplified cultivation.