Revision, cladistics and biogeography of the Neotropical genus Souzalopesmyia Albuquerque (Diptera: Muscidae).

摘要

Souzalopesmyia, a monophyletic Neotropical muscid genus of 5 species, is reviewed to include 2 new species, S. paraensis sp. nov. (from Para, Brazil) and S. sulina sp. nov. (from Canindeyu, Paraguay). Ground plan characters of the Phaoniinae as an outgroup were used in a cladistic analysis of the genus. The phylogenetic relationships found are (S. amazonica (S. paraensis (S. singularis, S. sulina)) (S. carioca)) and these seem to support at least 2 biogeographical hypotheses: (1.) The basal clade,S. amazonica, suggests a date of origin for the genus as far back as the Late Cretaceous; (2.) The occurrence of S. paraensis in Belem, along the southern side of the Amazon River, suggests a single dispersal event to colonize that region, more recently,which belongs to the northwestern track.