Creating periodic 3D structures by multiple-beam interference of visible laser

摘要

A photonic crystal that has highly periodic structures and high index contrast between dielectric materials and air holes has attracted many interests in the past decade. A three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal will have a complete bandgap that in a range of frequencies incident light from any direction will be totally reflected. Light can only be guided through defects so that we can manipulate photons. With the miniaturation of photonic devices to (sub)micron sizes, an ultrasmall optical integrated circuits (IC) with both passive and active optical components can be assembled in a single chip. Driven by these concepts, extensive research has been explored to fabricate such a 3D photonic crystals