Catalysis for the Valorization of Exhaust Carbon: from CO_2 to Chemicals, Materials, and Fuels. Technological Use of CO_2

摘要

In 2010 the emission of CO_2 from anthropic activities amounted at ca. 30 000 Mt, 43% of which was from coal combustion, 36% from oil, and 20% from gas. Growth of consumption of the above fuels is quite different, and since 2009 coal is filling much of the world energy demand, due to the large use made in countries like China and India where energy intensive productive activities based on coal are largely expanding thanks to local large reserve of this form of fossil carbon. (Figure 1)