Recent developments of transition-state analogue glycosidase inhibitors of non-natural product origin

摘要

Glycosidse inhibitors have been subject to extensive interest in the past decade.As glycoside cleavage is a biologically widespread process,glycosidase inhibitors have many potential medical applications,Inhibition of intestinal #alpha#-glycosidases can be used to treat diabetes through the lowering of blood glucose levels,and several #alpha#-glycosidase inhibitors are being marketed against type 2 diabetes.An alternative way of treating diabetes that has been explored recently is through inhibition of glycogenphosphorylase,which also results in a lowering of blood glucose.Glycosidases arealso involved in the trimming of cell-and viral-surface oligosaccharides,which also can be used as a therapeutic target.Inhibition of these glycosidases can disrupt biosynthesis of oigosaccharides and hence cell-cell or cell-virus recognition processes.This principle is used in the anti-influenza neuraminidase inhibitors that have recently been marketed and is also the basis for the potential use of #alpha#-glycosidase inhibitors against HIV,Gauchers disease,hepatitis,and cancer.