Transport Studies of Peanut Shell Powder Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites in Aromatic Solvents

摘要

This article investigates the transport behavior of three aromatic organic solvents, viz. benzene, toluene, and xylene in natural rubber (NR) composite membranes containing peanut shell powder (PSP) as filler at different temperatures by conventional weight-gain experiments. PSP used in compounding the NR was processed in two particle sizes. The solvent swelling characteristics of NR composites containing both untreated and alkali-treated fillers were investigated. The computed sorption characteristics were discussed in terms of PSP content, particle size, nature of solvent, and temperature. All the NR-PSP composites were found to decrease with the uptake of aromatic solvents than NR, but the effect was more significant in the case of alkali-treated PSP composites. Furthermore, the uptake of solvent decreased with decrease in penetrant size. The estimated Arrhenius activation energies (E_D) for the processes of sorption, diffusion, and permeation showed that E_D was generally highest in xylene at the filler contents investigated. The thermodynamic parameters of the sorption process were also evaluated. The relationship between the transport behavior and the morphology of the system was examined. The mechanism of diffusion is found to be close to Fickian trend in toluene and xylene and Fickian trend in benzene. Comparison between theoretical and experimental diffusion results was made to understand the mechanism of diffusion.