AIR-WATER PROPERTIES OF ALLUVIAL AND DELUVIAL SOILS IN VARIOUS LANDSCAPES OF NORTH-EASTERN POLAND

摘要

The aim of the study was to examine the physical and water retention properties of the Holocene alluvial and deluvial soils in the morainic, riverine and delta landscapes of north-eastern Poland. In comparison to eroded soils, deluvial soils in a morainic landscape featured lower compaction, higher retention capacity corresponding to field capacity, higher values of potential useful retention (PRU) and water easily available for plants (ERU). Deluvial soils in the landscape of morainic hills and plains, despite the statistically significantly higher field capacity in relation to deluvial soils in the lakeland hill landscape, had similar amounts of useful retention and water easily available for plants. The highest value of soil water potential at 98.1 hPa (pF 2.0), 490.5 hPa (pF 2.7), 981.0 hPa (pF 3.0) and 15 547.9 hPa (pF 4.2) was found for alluvial soils in riverine landscapes. These soils, despite the high water capacity, had similar amounts of water available for plants (PRU) in comparison to alluvial soils in delta landscape and deluvial soils. The most favourable water-air properties were found for the deluvial soils in lakeland hill landscape. The ratio of mesopores to macropores and to micropores amounted to 1:1.32:1.24.