Genetic Improvement of Soybean Variety JS 80-21 through Induced Mutations

摘要

Seeds of soybean cv. JS 80-21 was irradiated with 250 Gy gamma rays to induce genetic variability for earliness, improved plant architecture, and higher seed yield. A large number of mutants affecting the morphological characters were identified and characterized. They include dwarf, crinkled leaf, pink flower colour and good pod bearing mutants. Seven mutants were studied for yield, morphological and quality characters like oil and protein in M5 generation. Mutant M-107 showed higher mean number ofbranches, higher number of pods per plant and higher harvest index compared to the parent JS 80-21. Cluster analysis based on dissimilarity values grouped the mutants into three clusters and mutant M-59 grouped in Cluster III showed maximum dissimilarityof 26% from the parent JS 80-21. Four high yielding mutants M-21, M-76, M-91 and M-107 gave 15 to 20% higher yield than the best checks in station trials at Trombay. One of the mutants, TAMS 98-21 produced 21% higher seed yield (2243kg/ha) over the bestcheck variety JS-335 (1853kg/ha) in Maharashtra State multilocation trials. It also showed multiple disease and pest resistance. TAMS 98-21 was released and gazette notified for commercial cultivation by Central Varietal Release Committee, Government ofIndia in January 2007.